Urban planning
Sketch of an urban plan in
progress.
Img: http://www.moma.org/interactives/exhibitions/2010/smallscalebigchange/images/projects/manguinhos_complex/8/Slideshow/1.jpg
Urban planning is a field whereby they address the health and welfare of
urban areas. It is a process that concerns the use of land and design of the
urban environment. This includes transportation networks, architecture and
urban design. It also includes research on analysis, strategic thinking,
policies, implementation and management. All these are to help guide and ensure
the orderly development of settlements and communities. A plan can come in
different forms, such as, strategic plans, detailed plans, neighborhood plans,
preservation plans and more. These
planners are often responsible for enforcing policies as well.
The origin of
today’s urban planning date back from the urban reform movement that occurred
as a reaction against the disorder of the industrial city in the mid-19th
century. Urban planning may also include urban renewal, which is the
redevelopment of areas with moderate to high density in urban land use. Like
many other disciplines, urban planning was developed to provide a solution to a
problem. The problem was that as small towns spread and expanded, the streets
and addresses became more and more confusing as there was no thought put into
the expansion of the city. Although people have been engaging in some type of
organization of cities and towns, it was very simple, such as where the next
settlement should be. The lack of proper organization created problems. This
was especially for the placement of hospitals and schools. They created safety
and healthy problems for the residents in the older settlements. Therefore,
architects, engineers work together to plan ways to solve these issues.
Although finding solutions and solving existing issues is more complicated than
building new cities, it is an equally important aspect of the field.
In
the 20th century, sustainable development has become an icon to
represent an ideal outcome in planning goals.
Plan
of sustainable urban plan in Moscow
Img:
http://assets.inhabitat.com/wp-content/blogs.dir/1/files/2012/09/New-Moscow-Masterplan-2.jpg
Sustainable development is a mode of development in which the use of
resources meets the human needs, all while the while keeping in mind and
ensuring the sustainability of natural systems and our environment.
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